| Patients, N (%) |
26,650 (4.4) |
459 (0.1) |
221,697 (36.6) |
354,842 (58.6) |
1,510 (0.2) |
|
Age (mean ± SD,
years) |
69.2 ± 9.3 |
66.6 ± 13.1 |
65.3 ± 11.2 |
66.9 ± 9.2 |
64.1 ± 10.0 |
<0.001 |
BMI (mean ± SD,
kg/m2) |
31.2 ± 6.9 |
29.6 ± 7.2 |
30.2 ± 6.3 |
33.0 ± 6.7 |
31.3 ± 5.9 |
<0.001 |
| Male sex |
11,796 (44.3) |
96 (20.9) |
100,313 (45.2) |
138,012 (38.9) |
831 (55.0) |
<0.001 |
Operative Time
(mins) |
108.2 ± 43.9 |
162.8 ± 65.5 |
91.1 ± 38.1 |
90.6 ± 35.6 |
153.0 ± 58.9 |
<0.001 |
Length of Stay
(days) |
1.6 ± 3.5 |
2.1 ± 7.6 |
2.1 ± 3.5 |
2.2 ± 3.2 |
1.6 ± 1.1 |
<0.001 |
| Outpatient status |
3,031 (11.4) |
164 (35.7) |
17,598 (7.9) |
51,987 (14.7) |
252 (16.7) |
<0.001 |
| ASA Class |
3.0 ± 0.4 |
3.0 ± 0.5 |
2.9 ± 0.6 |
3.0 ± 0.4 |
2.8 ± 0.6 |
<0.001 |
1 – no
disturbance |
385 (1.4) |
9
(2.0) |
7,616 (3.4) |
6,114 (1.7) |
67
(4.4) |
- |
2 - mild
disturbance |
10,915 (41.0) |
180 (39.2) |
113,822 (51.3) |
168,801 (47.6) |
823 (54.5) |
- |
3 - severe
disturbance |
14,531 (54.5) |
245 (53.4) |
95,527 (43.1) |
173,961 (49.0) |
603 (39.9) |
- |
4 - life-threatening
disturbance |
815 (3.1) |
25
(5.4) |
4,716 (2.1) |
5,950 (1.7) |
17 (1.1) |
- |
| 5 - moribund |
4 (0.0) |
0 |
16
(0.0) |
16
(0.0) |
0 |
- |
| Race |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| White |
22,213 (83.4) |
342 (74.5) |
158,060 (71.3) |
250,750 (70.7) |
1,183 (78.3) |
|
| Black |
1,267 (4.8) |
24 (5.2) |
17,894 (8.1) |
28,653 (8.1) |
40 (2.6) |
- |
| Asian |
189 (0.7) |
10 (2.2) |
3,368 (1.5) |
7,365 (2.1) |
22 (1.5) |
- |
| American Indian or Alaska Native |
123 (0.5) |
6 (1.3) |
920 (0.4) |
1,827 (0.5) |
1 (0.1) |
|
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander |
37 (0.1) |
0 |
554 (0.2) |
1,232 (0.3) |
3 (0.2) |
|
| Other |
7 (0.0) |
0 |
32 (0.0) |
59 (0.0) |
0 |
- |
| Unknown |
2814 (10.6) |
77 (16.8) |
40,869 (18.4) |
64,956 (18.3) |
261 (17.3) |
|
Dependent
Functional Status
(partial or total) |
571 (2.1) |
24 (5.2) |
4,176 (1.8) |
3,591 (1.0) |
12 (0.8) |
<0.001 |
| Current smoker |
2,750 (10.3) |
58 (12.6) |
27,272 (12.3) |
28,023 (7.9) |
117 (7.7) |
<0.001 |
| Comorbidities N(%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| CHF |
178 (0.7) |
6
(1.3) |
903
(0.4) |
1,248 (0.4) |
7
(0.5) |
<0.001 |
| Renal failure |
13
(0.0) |
0 |
148
(0.1) |
94
(0.0) |
0 |
<0.001 |
| Dialysis |
85
(0.3) |
0 |
557
(0.3) |
588
(0.2) |
2
(0.1) |
<0.001 |
| Steroid use |
1,291 (4.8) |
85 (18.5) |
8,286 (3.7) |
12,465 (3.5) |
70
(4.6) |
<0.001 |
| Weight loss |
56
(0.2) |
3
(0.7) |
518
(0.2) |
321
(0.1) |
0 |
<0.001 |
| Bleeding disorder |
673 (2.5) |
17
(3.7) |
4,666 (2.1) |
6,655 (1.9) |
42
(2.8) |
<0.001 |
| Ascites |
5
(0.0) |
0 |
55
(0.0) |
43
(0.0) |
0 |
0.010 |
| Pre-operative transfusion |
58 (0.2) |
3 (0.7) |
353 (0.2) |
123 (0.0) |
0 |
<0.001 |
| Diabetes |
4,808 (18.0) |
78 (17.0) |
27,374 (12.3) |
64,623 (18.2) |
177 (11.7) |
<0.001 |
| IDDM |
1,391 (5.2) |
29
(6.3) |
6,573 (3.0) |
15,271 (4.3) |
38
(2.5) |
- |
| NIDDM |
3,417 (12.8) |
49 (10.7) |
20,801 (9.4) |
49,352 (13.9) |
139 (9.2) |
- |
| DOE |
1,794 (6.7) |
18
(3.9) |
9,842 (4.4) |
19,114 (5.4) |
59
(3.9) |
<0.001 |
| COPD |
1,170 (6.6) |
34
(7.4) |
8,634 (3.9) |
11,842 (3.3) |
41
(2.7) |
<0.001 |